DUNE: Status and Perspectives

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) provides a rich science program with a focus on neutrino oscillations and other beyond the standard model physics. The high-intensity, wide-band neutrino beam will be produced at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) and will be directed to the 40~kt liquid argon far detector at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, 1300~km from FNAL. The primary goals of the experiment are to determine the ordering of neutrino masses and to measure the CP violating phase, $\delta_{\textrm{CP}}$. The underground location of the large DUNE far detector and its excellent energy and spatial resolution will allow also for non-accelerator physics programs predicted by grand unified theories, such as nucleon decay or $n$---$\bar{n}$ oscillations. Moreover, DUNE will be sensitive to the electron neutrino flux from a core-collapse supernova, providing valuable information on the phenomenon's underlying mechanisms. This ambitious project requires extensive prototyping and a testing program to guarantee that all parts of the technology are fully understood and well tested. Two such prototypes, in both single phase (ProtoDUNE-SP) and dual phase (ProtoDUNE-DP) technologies, are under construction and will be operated at the CERN Neutrino Platform (NP) starting in 2018.Comment: Authors: D. Brailsford Comments: Talk presented at NuPhys2017 (London, 20-22 December 2017). 8 pages, LaTeX, 10 pdf figures. Report No.: NuPhys2017-Brailsfor

Agency problems and capital expenditure announcements

This article examines the market valuation of announcements of new capital expenditure. Prior research suggests that the firm's growth opportunities and cash flow position condition the market response. This study jointly examines the role of growth and cash flow, and the interaction between them. Using a new data set of Australian firms that avoids problems associated with expectations models, the results are remarkably strong and support a positive association between growth opportunities and the market valuation, in addition to supporting the role of free cash flow. The findings have implications for the relationship between general investment information and stock prices

Floating s- and p-type Gaussian Orbitals

The advantages of including a small number of p-type gaussian functions in a floating spherical gaussian orbital calculation are pointed out and illustrated by calculations on molecules which previously have proved to be troublesome. These include molecules such as F2 with multiple lone pairs and C2H2 with multiple bonds. A feature of the results is the excellent correlation between the orbital energies and those of a double zeta calculation reported by Snyder and Basch

Rapid depletion of dissolved organic sulphur (DOS) in freshwaters

Sulphur (S) is a key macronutrient for all organisms, with similar cellular requirements to that of phosphorus (P). Studies of S cycling have often focused on the inorganic fraction, however, there is strong evidence to suggest that freshwater microorganisms may also access dissolved organic S (DOS) compounds (e.g. S-containing amino acids). The aim of this study was to compare the relative concentration and depletion rates of organic 35S-labelled amino acids (cysteine, methionine) with inorganic S (Na235SO4) in oligotrophic versus mesotrophic river waters draining from low nutrient input and moderate nutrient input land uses respectively. Our results showed that inorganic SO42− was present in the water column at much higher concentrations than free amino acids. In contrast to SO42−, however, cysteine and methionine were both rapidly depleted from the mesotrophic and oligotrophic waters with a halving time < 1 h. Only a small proportion of the DOS removed from solution was mineralized and excreted as SO42− (< 16% of the total taken up) suggesting that the DOS could be satisfying a demand for carbon (C) and S. In conclusion, even though inorganic S was abundant in freshwater, it appears that the aquatic communities retained the capacity to take up and assimilate DOS

Why history? Why now? Multiple accounts of the emergence of academic development

More than 40 years after its beginnings, academic development stands uncertainly on the threshold of becoming a profession or discipline in its own right. While it remains marginal to the dominant stories of the university, it has become central to the institution's contemporary business. This Research Note describes an enquiry that uses a multiple histories approach to explore the emergence of academic development in three national sites. Our intention is to provoke a more critical engagement with academic development's current forms and future possibilities

Solitonic-exchange mechanism of surface~diffusion

We study surface diffusion in the framework of a generalized Frenkel-Kontorova model with a nonconvex transverse degree of freedom. The model describes a lattice of atoms with a given concentration interacting by Morse-type forces, the lattice being subjected to a two-dimensional substrate potential which is periodic in one direction and nonconvex (Morse) in the transverse direction. The results are used to describe the complicated exchange-mediated diffusion mechanism recently observed in MD simulations [J.E. Black and Zeng-Ju Tian, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 71}, 2445-2448(1993)].Comment: 22 Revtex pages, 9 figures to appear in Phys. Rev.